Fabricated : The New World of 3D Printing (1)
Beautiful Users : Designing for People
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| pez! try printing a pez head in my characters (p119) |
Hollis, T. (2015). Toons in Toyland : The Story of Cartoon Character Merchandise. Jackson, US: University Press of Mississippi. Retrieved from http://www.ebrary.com
notes: cartoon licensing for toys has been going on since 1895, the beginning of kid's cartoons as we know them today (p7)
The Yellow Kid from Richard F. Outcault's pictorial feature "Hogan's Alley" in New York World appeared on puzzles, games, dolls, books etc.
Katzenjammer kids 1897 first true comic strip with panels and speech bubbles to tell the story . KK still produced up to 2014!
Outcault brought out Buster Brown at St. Louis World's Fair in 1904 and licensed the character. (p8)
Walt Disney was the first to start licensing animation characters when he licensed the first Mickey Mouse product, a school tablet, for $300 in 1929 (p11)
Disney set up offiial character licensing and merchandising depart as part of still -new studio. Disney historians Robert Heide and John Gilman wrote, "Disney realized that the future of the studio could become secure only if enough revenue was generated by the character merchandising division." true for virtually every animation studio in future, well into television era and beyon.
tie-ins with Mickey Mouse also boosted the fortunes of merchandising companies- Lionel electric trains and Ingersoll-Waterbury Clock Company which made Mickey Mouse watches
(p.11)
Design and artwork was provided free of charge to licensees to ensure design cohesion and only child-friendly products (no cigarettes or liquor etc) were licensed. Sales director Kay Kamen insisted that products be quality AND available at Depression era prices so every kid could have a Mickey Mouse product.
Kamen ensured that country was blanketed with Snow White merchandise ahead of the film's release so audience would already be familiar with elements. This also helped Disney secure copyright on all characters before film's debut. (p14)
Popeye was most successful cartoon that Max and Dave Fleischer would ever produce, they saw no revenue from any products that saturated toy market- it was legally property of Kings Features Syndicate (p18)
No way to overestimate importance of merchandising in establishing Hanna Barbera's reputation in late 1950s and early 1960s. Merchandising affected story when the Flintstone's were going to have a baby and Merch said girl dolls sell better than boy dolls so baby's sex was changed from male, Fred Jr, to female and Pebbles was born. (p21)
when Mousketeer Club tv show came out, Kay Kamen's successors had learned that merchandise needed to be out before the show hit the air to help promote it. new merchandise had to be constantly produced with fresh new ideas being introduced all the time. (p27)
Peanuts had been a cartoon strip, with some reprint books, for 8 years before licensing started in 1958. (p31)
Peanuts products went into high gear in 1966 when the first animated holiday specials hit the air (p32)
Superman products started appearing in 1939 after his 1938 debut and demand, and product availability, surged every time he entered a new medium. (p41)
Batman's merchandising came in fits and starts and Wonder Woman's didn't start until the Lynda Carter tv series of 1976 and featured her just as often as the cartoon version (p42)
in 70s, Mickey Mouse viewed primarily as corporate logo and theme park ambassador rather than viable cartoon character. (p45)
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| Bubble club's licensed figures p117 (like this design for 3D printed characters) |
oooh, print out an old school Halloween mask with the 3D printer!
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